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In the pre-antibiotic era, parapharyngeal infection was a frequent complication of tonsillitis. However, due to widespread use of antibiotics, its frequency has decreased and consequently the infection is quite uncommon nowadays. Knowledge of neck anatomy, especially of the cervical fascia, is essential for a better understanding of pathogenesis and route of spread of infections in the parapharyngeal space. The cervical … Preberite več >>

Crossed aphasia results from a lesion in a non-dominant, right cerebral hemisphere. This kind of neurological damage is rare and raises a number of issues in relation to the distribution of speech-related cognitive functions. We present a case of a right-handed patient after acute ischemic stroke with crossed aphasia. In the discussion, we list a number of uncertainties which arise … Preberite več >>

Glasgow coma scale was first defined in 1974. It was designed as a unified scoring system for assessing a patient’s conscious state. During the four decades of use, several versions of assessment were developed. Studies show that errors in assessment, especially for inexperienced examiners, are common. The scale is composed of three tests: eye opening, verbal response and best motor … Preberite več >>

Cerebral palsy is a group of movement and posture disorders sometimes associated with other neurological deficits. It represents a significant decrease in the patients’ quality of life and a substantial economic burden. The main risk factors for cerebral palsy are preterm birth and low birth weight. Both factors increase the risk for periventriculary leucomalacia, which is the most important pathomorphological … Preberite več >>

The pulmonary valve separates the right ventricle outflow tract from the pulmonary artery and prevents deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary artery to return into the right ventricle. The pulmonary valve is the most rarely diseased of all heart valves. Pulmonary valve stenosis is usually congenital, while pulmonary regurgitation most often occurs as a consequence of percutaneous or surgical treatment of … Preberite več >>

The autonomic nervous system plays an important role in various pathological situations such as myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure or diabetic neuropathy and is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of arrhythmogenesis and sudden cardiac death. Changes in the activity of autonomic nervous system can unveil the progression of several pathologies or act as a predictor of adverse events in selected … Preberite več >>

Tests of functional and structural properties of arteries are becoming clinically more and more relevant. Numerous non-invasive methods for assessing endothelial function and arterial stiffness have been developed, many of which are useful not only for research purposes but also in everyday clinical practice. In this paper we describe four methods which we believe are currently the most useful and … Preberite več >>

Cancer patients today live longer and have a better quality of life. This is mainly due to a multidisciplinary approach in cancer diagnostics. A close collaboration between pathologists, who perform histopathological examination and molecular or genetic typization, is nowadays crucial for a proper treatment. These disciplines allow us to identify targets in cancer cells and direct targeted therapy directly to … Preberite več >>

Cannabis has a long history of consumption both for recreational and medicinal uses. After the discovery of endogenous cannabinoid system and cloning of cannabinoid receptors during the last decade of the previous century, research interest in cannabis and cannabinoids increased again. Cannabis mediates its effects through cannabinoid receptors type 1 and type 2, which are present throughout the body and … Preberite več >>

BACKGROUNDS. Proximal femur reconstruction after removal of bone tissue due to various causes presents a major challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. One of the possible solutions is the Kent Hip endoprosthesis, which has been in use for 25 years. However, in
the literature, only short-term clinicalresults of this endoprosthesis implantation are reported with an average follow-up of maximum five years. Using … Preberite več >>